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Bleeding disorders are a group of conditions that result when the blood cannot clot properly. In normal clotting, platelets stick together and form a plug at the site of an injured blood vessel. Proteins in the blood called clotting factors then interact to form a fibrin clot, which holds the platelets in place and allows healing to occur at the site of the injury while preventing blood from escaping the blood vessel. While too much clotting can lead to heart attack and stroke, the inability to form clots can be very dangerous as well, as it can result in excessive bleeding. Bleeding disorders: Acquired platelet function defects; Congenital platelet function defects; Congenital protein C or S deficiency; Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC); Factor II deficiency; Factor V deficiency; Factor VII deficiency; Factor X deficiency; Factor XII deficiency; Hemophilia A; Hemophilia B; Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP); Von Willebrand's disease; Hemophilia is perhaps the most well-known bleeding disorder, although it is relatively rare. It affects mostly males. Many more people are affected by von Willebrand disease, the most common bleeding disorder in America. Von Willebrand disease can affect both males and females. Bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and von Willebrand disease result when the blood lacks certain clotting factors. These diseases are almost always inherited, although in rare cases they can develop later in life if the body forms antibodies that fight against the blood's natural clotting factors. Individuals and pregnant women with a family history of bleeding disorders should talk to their doctors about detection and treatment.
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